Melbourne Asia Review is a research-based publication of the Asia Institute, University of Melbourne.
Despite the importance of submarine cables to global supply chains and economy, this critical infrastructure is vulnerable to attacks and damage.
Unless governments across the Asia Pacific make decisions about the fuels for the ships they depend on they are likely to be disadvantaged.
Survival without shipping is not possible for societies dependent on imports for essential commodities.
In an era of decarbonisation, shipping supply chains need to drive the energy transition. There are also increased geopolitical tensions other issues challenging resilience.
Western donors and others have not given enough attention to strengthening local civil society actors.
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